Vickers Hardness

A measure of a material’s resistance to plastic deformation under indentation obtained by pressing a square‑based diamond pyramid indenter (with an apex angle resulting in a four‑sided pyramid) into the material under a specified test load and reporting a hardness number (HV) derived from the applied load and the measured average diagonal of the resulting impression.

A quantitative indentation hardness expressed as the Vickers hardness number (HV), defined as the applied load divided by the projected area of the square‑pyramidal diamond indentation; commonly reported under specified load and dwell time (HV = 1.8544·F/d^2 when F is in kgf and d is the mean diagonal in mm).