Endothelial Glycocalyx Shedding

Acute or progressive loss of the endothelial surface glycocalyx — the carbohydrate‑rich, gel‑like layer lining blood vessels — caused by enzymatic degradation, oxidative or inflammatory mediators, or mechanical insult, such that endothelial barrier function is reduced, vascular permeability increases, and adhesive endothelial molecules are exposed, promoting leukocyte and platelet attachment.