Co-Simulation

A runtime strategy where distinct simulation codes or solvers execute concurrently (possibly on different processes or hardware) and exchange data at predefined synchronization points under a coordination protocol or master algorithm.

A simulation technique in which two or more specialized, domain‑specific simulators run in coordinated execution and exchange data at predefined interfaces and synchronization points rather than being replaced by a single monolithic solver; used to integrate heterogeneous models while preserving tool‑specific capabilities and IP.